投影 projection 投影中心center of projection 投影面projecting plane 投影線projecting line& u! U" v% d% T9 x4 p 中心投影法perspective projection 平行投影法parallel projection3 C) F2 K8 q! S( { 斜投影oblique projection 正投影orthographic projection: {' ^; ^0 X& U- j# p 正投影面frontal plane of projection; _, e$ _" C4 U8 h& {4 a4 g 側(cè)面投影面profile plane of projection 投影圖projection drawing3 _4 m* ~, ^; Y% m% E 三面投影圖three-plane projection drawing; ]1 R" S9 D- r2 l! [ 投影軸axis of projection! l( s8 i- w0 ?! x. f 投影特性characteristic of projection: g. f0 P/ s1 N: T/ F$ N) | 不變性characteristic of true! G% I* ?, {: Z; h) E) w' c! b 積聚性characteristic of concentration 類(lèi)似性characteristic of similarity- k0 N& _1 {) K1 ^- C 視圖view6 \+ i0 m. L9 P* U% z 三視圖three-view drawing7 h# T. X" z; y% ?! @. K/ l 正面frontal plane2 `: ^. A+ e6 k% _1 i/ |9 d 正面投影frontal projection 水平面horizontal plane 水平投影horizontal projection 側(cè)面profile plane/ g* P9 N& b5 a$ p& u- q 側(cè)面投影profile projection 主視圖frontal view# h' c9 ^, u4 C1 A( } 俯視圖top view 左視圖left side view 立體solid& d; J# J% p& ]& V/ H% ` 平面立體plane body 曲面立體body of curved surface8 z) [: Z: u8 Q7 i. U3 D! [/ n 回轉(zhuǎn)面surface of revolution 棱柱prism! Q# [/ t% t9 z. \8 A" s; W 棱錐pyramid 邊side 頂點(diǎn)center vertex9 C% ~7 r- w" x5 K 棱edge& a; t0 V* b* N" c1 ] 點(diǎn)point. B p2 r, W4 k( f T 直線line straight line 棱錐臺(tái)truncated pyramid3 ]5 f7 ]' p# v! g e9 B: z frustum of pyramid 重影coincidence of projection5 y& I' E5 x- c6 K) b+ l/ B: A- G; b 積聚concentrate 變形deformation 實(shí)長(zhǎng)true length 實(shí)形true shape8 {& A# H0 g" |2 C3 a, \/ G/ a# D4 s 正平線frontal line' k. }- z8 m9 S) E 水平線horizontal line' ]1 _- l, l( e 側(cè)平線profile line 一般位置直線oblique line) P( p; q; r V: p& e' R 鉛垂線vertical line, frontal-profile line% z8 b( q- `. V+ a( c9 V 正垂線horizontal--profile line 側(cè)垂線frontal-horizontal line% _0 K* y8 V7 b$ d! B7 @5 N$ C 一般位置平面oblique plane 相交intersection+ o1 Y6 D& z! I0 G! G3 k% Z- @( q 平行parallel 垂直perpendicular 交線intersecting line, line of intersection 交點(diǎn)point of intersection 平行線parallel line- C, N5 Q% W' B/ ?8 s 垂直線perpendicular line1 A- m0 N) q% z1 Q% Q) h5 x3 p 交叉線skew line 長(zhǎng)度length & n' b! r% k2 W- G+ B 寬度width 高度height4 n1 D# W. G ]$ r 組合體complex 基本幾何體basic body2 [0 a/ Q& m5 l! c 相接built-up- F5 S5 o4 \) H4 k 相交inter section9 `4 }" l% D/ ] f! T 相切tangent 相貫penetration: z- z8 Y$ p2 ?: ] F1 U 支架brace6 G" }: w* h4 v0 E 底板bottom board 肋rib 支承板bearing plate4 u; I% b: E' |2 h8 M 輪廓線outline, contour line 底圖traced drawing 截平面cutting plane 截交線line of section% t3 X3 Y$ p, @: ^ 二重性dual nature7 i' N o7 v9 q1 i& G/ a Z 平面曲線plane curve 圓弧arc 橢圓ellipse 長(zhǎng)軸major axis 短軸minor axis9 ?. F" i6 X2 \; C 雙曲線hyperbola 拋物線parabola* p3 R5 s1 m% i) l 圓circle 圓錐頂conic apex 相貫體intersecting bodies9 u9 ]" B( }: ?/ k# \ 相貫線line of intersection4 @3 n, t; _0 V2 ]( u) V8 @$ O 空間曲線space curve 截平面方法cutting plane method 輔助面auxiliary surface 輔助平面auxiliary plane 最高點(diǎn)culminating point 尺寸Size 定形尺寸size dimension 定位尺寸location dimension 左視圖right view 后視圖rear view, back view 仰視圖bottom view0 c" J+ z: l1 A' U2 [5 u 輔助圖auxiliary view8 S6 D: K. i7 c9 ^3 i2 m 局部視圖partial view, broken view; p5 i! |# O: X/ ] 斜視圖oblique view/ \1 `6 z& x3 T# A! k1 w9 i 旋轉(zhuǎn)視圖revolved view, aligned view 剖視圖sectional view, section' p3 {5 V. K$ E/ U2 \7 \# v 全剖視full section) p/ M' U6 o" g/ y% T( `/ `8 h 半剖視half section 局部剖視圖partial section, broken-out section N5 M8 \) r" ~ u/ M 斜剖視圖oblique section" l% o" H& Q1 o3 A: H* V! {8 i 旋轉(zhuǎn)剖視圖aligned section. n' R1 c/ M" P6 q9 b- \) J 階梯剖視echelon section, offset section X& F6 g) o- W% _' o- ~ 復(fù)合剖視compound section 剖面圖section, sectional view6 k% A+ \" x- |8 z4 q, M1 j4 L 重合剖面coincide section, revolved section 移出剖面removed section 剖面線section line3 O- { b7 \2 _2 F" I* ~2 R 剖面符號(hào)symbols for section-lining 習(xí)慣畫(huà)法conventional drawing 局部放大圖 drawing of partial enlargement. s/ s+ _2 P/ b4 s8 X0 J 零件圖detail drawing, working drawing 第三角投影third angle projection 粗實(shí)線continuous thick line, full line, visible line 細(xì)實(shí)線continuous thin line 虛線dot line, dashed line, hidden line 點(diǎn)劃線dash and dot line 雙點(diǎn)劃線double dots line1 a1 g4 i( Z7 ~! T% W$ ^ 波浪線break line; @; v# [9 [# L3 Z0 e: |( h1 r5 ? 斷裂線 剖切平面跡線cutting plane line 尺寸線dimension line 尺寸界線extension tine 尺寸dimension size 箭頭arrowhead 基準(zhǔn)datum 基準(zhǔn)線datum line; U u. o9 a2 f' U7 S7 U; }# { 基準(zhǔn)面datum plane 中心孔central hole/ w' G, y7 g' q2 q7 P, v 中心距center distance 軸shaft, axle8 d; V# ]% G" E 孔hole" j+ X- \) y$ n1 e: T6 b. ~ 斜孔inclination7 k9 L$ w& e6 |8 | 裝配圖assembly drawing 性能尺寸characteristic dimension$ t6 }- F" ]. r1 ~ 大小尺寸size dimension 總體尺寸outer dimension4 L2 n4 ^/ ~& e1 v: d4 w0 ~6 B/ ] 外形尺寸8 N2 W1 G: a% R$ g0 D 配合尺寸fit dimension" @+ y/ {3 F1 t 內(nèi)圓角fillet# ^* H. d% H1 s6 H$ g3 U 外圓角round 尖角sharp corner9 S2 n, q+ y! I7 b 倒角chamfer- i7 C& d/ v5 y" q x+ v& Q 輪緣flange of wheel 緣、邊、環(huán)rim 軸肩shoulder; B" F* t. I+ _3 B! {) x* w 凸臺(tái)boss2 J' ~0 @- ~( A3 I5 v 凹坑concave pit 軸頸shaft neck7 M* O* P2 ^, v0 a- V `& c 輪轂hub 輪輻spoke, spoke of wheel 直紋滾花straight knurling s 網(wǎng)紋滾花hatching knurling 鍵槽key-way 退刀槽escape/ W* K& a, Y* _) I! C# p* m6 J2 } 拔模斜度pattern draft2 k$ m, w$ D# Z- S0 { 填料盒g(shù)land box$ Q: r! h A! v 油槽oil groove( B: |- N( ~% k1 } 油封oil seal7 D! M) \" P8 R, ], ]- k$ Z 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件standard parts 螺紋thread 外螺紋external thread1 T0 K4 c* D8 m) B( L 內(nèi)螺紋internal thread 大徑major diameter) J6 U A: e. Z* p+ u* t& o+ l 小徑minor diameter% G- m( a& j) V8 K 螺距pitch of thread 牙型form of thread 旋向direction of turning/ a* B7 E7 S' m& ~2 M$ f 右旋螺紋right-hand thread 左旋螺紋left-hand thread5 l( E2 O4 V. e+ m4 A) l( M1 G 頭數(shù)number of thread 導(dǎo)程lead. P( I* N- V8 d# H; C: Y+ P 粗牙coarse thread& c+ ]; C& T- p+ m) ~! n6 b" q 細(xì)牙fin thread 螺栓bolt l6 I% V& @: ~& n 螺釘screw 螺柱stud 螺母nut 墊片washer 公差tolerance 公差帶tolerance zone; {4 P9 p$ I# u' l. |4 y 零線zero line 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)公差standard tolerance" B" [/ m3 S# E! W 公差等級(jí)tolerance grade% B* W6 f: J+ ]/ A& s# z0 W2 F7 a 基本偏差fundamental deviation& N6 A5 W- s. K, @5 {0 k; ~ 配合fit 間隙配合clearance fit 過(guò)盈interference6 x5 s! a) z. E" Y2 c1 m7 s# c. H7 x 過(guò)盈配合interference fit7 q6 _" q4 ?, J. j! V 過(guò)渡配合transition fit 基孔制hole-basic system of fits ( L# R6 q1 ^3 E3 g% f3 O 基軸制shaft-basic system of fits 間隙clearance 形狀公差tolerance in form, form tolerance 直線度straightness 平面度f(wàn)latness 圓度roundness 圓柱度cylindricity 線輪廓度profile of any line0 O' o& T+ L+ U, A 面輪廓度profile of any plane$ a- ?3 }: ]* p; ?# q) O" c 位置公差tolerance in position, position tolerances 平行度 parallelism 齒輪gear3 p* n8 W! v/ y( e& l 圓柱齒輪cylindrical gear' P: S; l* }! Y, \7 \ 正齒輪spur gear 斜齒輪spiral gear 輪齒gear tooth 節(jié)圓pitch circle 齒頂圓addendum circle, outside circle 齒根圓root circle, addendum circle$ H4 v3 j" P3 X5 W# O 模數(shù)modulus8 z* f# {4 D7 z 齒數(shù)number of teeth( E" F) U& V; j2 D5 \$ u 齒高tooth height( e, T6 v' l; M+ b 齒頂高h(yuǎn)eight of addendum, I4 U: V8 ~9 \3 k9 ]" F* l+ ? 齒根高h(yuǎn)eight of addendum, o( A# C# C/ b/ i! `. K F( @ 齒厚circular thickness 齒間tooth space; \ a U+ k4 U0 F A 齒寬tooth width6 q" ?. c! a! @( P 壓力角angle of pressure) E: q! `6 O! |! d" } 彈簧spring2 y0 H- M6 n- v) q' e 銷(xiāo)pin 圓柱銷(xiāo)round pin$ L$ a) q/ [1 Z9 J# N2 T5 z- ? 圓錐銷(xiāo)taper pin5 h3 B: }+ I' H* ]+ |2 a4 j0 _" ` 開(kāi)口銷(xiāo)cotter pin, split( A( k/ e: y& Q2 Z$ G; u# Q1 ~9 r. W- A 鍵key 平鍵flat key0 B5 H' K8 G6 o- Y 半圓鍵half round key, woodruff key: Q$ a/ J1 r8 ] 軸承bearing 滾動(dòng)軸承rolling bearing! I" u7 W; u( r' c 向心鈾承radial bearing' w1 H' g! O2 U- w2 I, y4 I 密封裝置sealing equipment 鎖緊裝置locking equipment, v4 [" i( ? d, [5 G7 ?: [ 粗糙度roughness7 ]4 G9 P4 R( B" f; I3 R0 | 基本尺寸basic size 實(shí)際尺寸actual size 極限尺寸limits size 最大極限尺寸maximum limit of size 最小極限尺寸minimum limit of size 偏差deviation- z5 i9 u: k7 \0 s+ H! q( V9 A* w 上偏差upper deviation! L" J' Q g3 [( F! l8 u 下偏差lower deviation: Z. ]. g) K0 z- i: F 垂直度perpendicularity 傾斜度angularity3 Y& {, ^5 T/ O 同軸度concentricity$ {) z; w3 \7 H; u$ C9 B! I 對(duì)稱(chēng)度symmetry/ L# a) M. r8 W+ H9 n4 U* o7 o 位置度true position3 q8 |! n% u$ J3 u1 O$ v 跳動(dòng)run-out! f# w* ]- G# w, i7 o& k4 p 圓跳動(dòng)cycle run-out N8 E* w; r* _) i& ~- B9 H 全跳動(dòng)total run-out 軸測(cè)投影axonometric projection 軸測(cè)投影面plane of axonometric projection 軸測(cè)圖axonometric drawing 正等軸測(cè)投影isometric projection H9 T* E/ c* P) V3 x 正二測(cè)bimetric projection, \! |1 }- x% u 斜二測(cè)oblique bimetric projection1 G0 P+ I' ?" U8 i& |4 } 軸測(cè)軸axonometric axis) }8 `8 T. I c" u0 \4 g: p 軸間角axis angle, angle between ales 縮短foreshortened 軸向縮短率coefficient of axial deformation ratio of0 R. ^" k8 |7 M; V/ x fore shortening for any axis/ N: c- y3 l, h6 l$ }2 D V6 W8 I 切割法cutting method, by cutting- [+ M: e; w0 l* |* M8 I. Y 方箱法boxing method4 W, X/ e8 B: S5 z5 P8 i0 Y7 Y 坐標(biāo)法coordinate method 方框法enclosing-square method# n3 y; V9 h% m9 n: A9 j, f 四心近似法four-center approximate metho |
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