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http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNjY4NjE1OTQ4.htmlI came across this TED talk yesterday in which Chris Lonsdale, a psychologist from New Zealand talks about language learning. He believes that anybody can learn a language in six months if they follow the five principles and seven actions that he has formulated after assessing all the research available on language learning.
, i: H7 a \( k! d2 ]/ N9 O$ U5 U昨天我看了一個TED演講，來自新西蘭的語言學(xué)家Chris Lonsdale講了語言學(xué)習(xí)的方法。在評估了所有語言學(xué)習(xí)的研究之后，他總結(jié)出了5個原則、7個行動。他相信只要遵從這5個原則、踐行這7個行動，任何人都能在6個月內(nèi)學(xué)會一種外語。9 X1 f. `7 R, w0 M
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The five principles are:
) j" j# a% ]' j2 A7 z" m5個原則：
N" T: j% F4 r. p. m1. Focus on language content that is relevant to you.
/ {) ?7 s1 M4 k* J% Q9 C3 P r專注和你日常相關(guān)的語言內(nèi)容。
$ d& M) n, `' `( V2 P! r) ~4 r2. Use your language as a tool to communicate from day 1.( D4 f' _* ^ Z6 Q; D. d, E
從學(xué)習(xí)這門語言的第一天開始，就把它當(dāng)做你的交流方式。
: B! T2 T: g; H0 h3 x3. When you understand the message you will acquire the language unconsciously.
! y$ g" c* s+ y- s) G# _" P當(dāng)你明白含義之后，你會慢慢不知不覺地習(xí)得這門語言。
5 p4 S6 f7 M$ ?7 ^4 I2 A4. Language is not about accumulating a lot of knowledge but is rather a type of physiological training." Z/ \& a0 c) ^& f! I7 |3 {
語言學(xué)習(xí)不是大量知識的積累，而更像是一種生理訓(xùn)練。 w2 U; {( B/ E& T5 a
5. Psycho-physiological state matters – you need to be happy, relaxed, and most importantly, you need to be tolerant of ambiguity. Don’t try to understand every detail as it will drive you crazy.
6 M# g! W& j, E2 c* {心理狀態(tài)和生理狀態(tài)都很重要：你需要愉快、放松，最重要的是對于模棱兩可要有一定容忍性。對于細(xì)枝末節(jié)不要過于糾結(jié)，因為那會把你逼瘋的。$ b1 j0 Q m- K& j9 \9 O- M+ U
, d) c# q5 c% S+ LThe seven actions are:
3 f$ z9 i; m; k3 f3 T4 e7個行動：. ]2 H. O& e! E" G+ Q2 E
1. Listen a lot – it doesn’t matter if you understand or not. Listen to rhythms and patterns.7 M8 x: N; m, G# f1 ~
多聽——理解與否不重要，盡管去聽吧！去聽聽語言節(jié)奏和說話模式。% E$ Q; c! E( C- P5 o! K4 i: ]
2. Focus on getting the meaning first, before the words. Body language and facial expressions can help.
$ m' E2 m& L$ K& g6 {) U先專注理解整體意思，再弄清單詞含義。身體語言和面部表情會有所幫助。8 E, W3 `$ e& z% k$ R4 p
3. Start mixing, get creative, and use what you’re learning
; u5 L7 `4 z6 R( d8 l+ C開始混合，創(chuàng)造話語并使用你所學(xué)到的一切。) }0 a) j7 B4 y
4. Focus on the core – use the most commonly-use the words, and use the language to learn more8 A' a6 j: r8 J: T. q8 c' d1 Z
把注意力集中在核心部分——使用高頻詞匯，利用你已經(jīng)學(xué)會的東西學(xué)到更多。
& f+ p' _( {, w! V8 [7 l" Q' {2 q5. Get a language parent – someone who is fluent in the language and who will do their best to understand what you mean; who will not correct your mistakes; who will feedback their understanding of what you’re saying using correct language, and uses words that you know. s% I, e- B( a- r5 `
找個語伴——能流利講這門語言的人，或者能盡可能理解你說什么的人。注意，語伴不會糾正你的錯誤，但能夠用正確的語言、你明白的語言來對你的表現(xiàn)做出反饋。
+ g% V8 H* o3 R- ]" z; N. y6. Copy the face – watch native speakers and observe their face, and particular their mouth moves when they’re speaking.
" g# Z; Z+ }- m# b1 K模仿面部表情——有些人的母語正是你要學(xué)習(xí)的新語言，你要觀看他們講話，觀察他們的面部表情、尤其是講話時的嘴型。
, ?3 I$ G7 F2 J3 I! a5 i1 g7. “Direct connect” to the target language – find ways to connect words directly with images and other internal representations.8 c* E. u, r- j
在大腦和目的語之間建立“直接聯(lián)系”——想辦法讓語言和大腦中的圖像或其他內(nèi)部表象產(chǎn)生直接聯(lián)系。 |
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發(fā)表于 2014-5-10 19:59:24
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